Bacteriological Profile of Post-Operative Wound Infections and Their Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Author(s): Anjali Agarwal*, Ujjwal Maheshwari, Jyoti Srivastava and Seema Bose
Abstract
Introduction: Hospital acquired infection (HAI) are the common source of infection in hospital set up especially surgical site infection (SSI) which is common after surgery. Various factors responsible for SSI are host factors like patient’s immunity and socio-economic status, infecting micro-organisms, different surgical procedures, and hospital environment. It may lead to morbidity and mortality and increase the cost of hospital stay.
Aim: The present study was conducted to know the bacteriological profile of post-operative wound infections and their antimicrobial resistance profile in a tertiary care hospital set up.
Material and Methods: The present study was conducted with a total of 521 pus samples collected in two sterile swabs. One for direct gram staining and other for culture. Pus sample was processed on Blood agar and MacConkey agar overnight under aerobic conditions and further identification was done using biochemical reactions. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.
Results: The wound infection rate was 16.3% (85/521) in the present study. Staphylococcus aureus (35.5%) was the most predominant micro-organism isolated followed by Escherichia coli (18.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.6%), Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus spp. (14.1%), Klebsiella spp. (7%), Acinetobacter spp. (3.5%), and Proteus vulgaris (2.3%) and Candida spp. (1.2%).
Discussion: In the present study, we have seen that vancomycin and linezolid were the sensitive drugs for Staphylococcus spp. whereas carbapenems and beta-lactamse inhibitors were promising in gram negative bacteria.
Conclusion: The bacteriological profile of surgical site infection varies from location to location depending upon infection control practices and environmental factors. The measures should be taken to reduce the SSI and generate antibiotic policy for preventing multidrug resistance micro-organisms. Thereby, reducing morbidity and mortality of post-operative wound patients.