Clinical Outcomes in Young Adults Hospitalised with Covid-19
Author(s): Pujari Lokchaitanya*, Manimekalai P and Vinatha MC
Abstract
Background: Stormy course has been reported among hospitalised adults with COVID-19 in high- and middle-income countries. To assess clinical outcomes in consecutively hospitalised patients with mild covid-19 in India we performed a study. Older age has consistently been associated with higher mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19). Un-fortunately, as shown by the results in this study, COVID-19 also does not spare young people. Mortality was higher among those who had obesity, hypertension, and male sex, as has been noted in general adult populations. Combined with what we know about the greater risk of older persons, what does this study tell us about COVID-19 and young adults. First, while young adults are much less likely than older persons to become seriously ill, if they reach the point of hospitalization, their risks are substantial. Second, obesity, hypertension, and male sex put patients of all ages at greater risk. As hypertension is preventable and treatable condition, reducing the risk of serious COVID 19 illness should be added to the already long list of reasons to increase medical and public health efforts in young adults to promote healthful diets and increased exercise. Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate the Young patient’s outcome in covid-19 patients. Methods: We developed a case registry of successive patients of 18-45 years age admitted with suspected covid-19 infection to our hospital (n=56). Covid-19 was diagnosed using re-verse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Demographic, clinical, investigations details and outcomes were recorded. Descriptive statistics are presented. Information concerning Age, Oxygen support, Maximum Oxygen requirement, ICU admission, NIV sup-port, Comorbidities was extracted from medical records for evaluation, interpretation, and association among Young adults. Results: Among 56 adults discharged between April 1st 2021 and mid-June 2021 had the ICD-10 code for COVID-19. The mean age of this population was 36.571 years and SD was 6.8140 in which 39 were male and 17 were females. Overall, 6 had diabetes, 3 had hyper-tension, and 3 had hypothyroidism. During hospitalization, 28(50%) patients required O2 support, 6(10.7%) required intensive care, 11 (19.6%) required ventilator/NIV, and 7 (12.5%) died. No radiological and electrocardiographic abnormality was observed. All these were isolated or quarantined in the hospital and observed. Conversion to virus negative status was in 8.2±4.4 days and was significantly lower in age <35y compared to 35-45years. Conclusion: Young adults aged 18 to 45 years hospitalised with COVID-19 experienced substantial rates of adverse outcomes 10.7% required intensive care, 19.6% required mechanical ventilation, and 12.5% died.