Clinical Profile of Febrile Thrombocytopenia: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Author(s): Tejas Modi, Amit D. Mehta, A. Santosh Sriram
Abstract
Background: Thrombocytopenia is the most common cause of abnormal bleeding. Thrombocytopenia develops when there is profound disequilibrium in the balance between platelet production, distribution and destruction. More than one component may be affected in some disorder.
Aim: To evaluate clinical profile, etiological profile and outcome of febrile thrombocytopenia and to determine the relationship between platelet count and the occurrence and severity of bleeding
Materials and Methods: 393 patients, aged more than 12 years, presented with febrile thrombocytopenia were observed for occurrence of bleeding manifestations, investigated in detail and treated symptomatically and specifically after definite diagnosis.
Results: Age and Sex distribution: Febrile thrombocytopenia affects all age groups but was more common in 12-30 years age group (62.34%).Male (69.97%) outnumbered Female (30.07%) in this study. Its incidence increased 71.24% during the month of September to December, 2015. Etiology of disease: Dengue fever (55.98%), Malaria (25.95%) were the common etiologies of febrile thrombocytopenia in present study. Platelet count and bleeding manifestations: 45.29% patients with platelet count >50000/mm3 mild thrombocytopenia); 38.17% with platelet count 20000-50000/mm3 (moderate thrombocytopenia) and 16.54% with platelet count less than 20000/mm3 (severe thrombocytopenia) were recorded. Bleeding manifestations were recorded in 98.46%, 54%, 17.97% cases of severe, moderate and mild thrombocytopenia respectively. Outcome: 94.15% patients had good recovery.
Conclusion: Risk of bleeding increase when platelet count decreases below 20000.There was no absolute relationship between platelet count and severity of bleeding.