Comparison between the Antibacterial Effects of 810 and 980-Nanometer Diode Lasers in Combination with Sodium Hypochlorite on Enterococcus Faecalis in the Root Canal System-In Vitro Study
Author(s): Murtadha Mustafa* and Salah A Alkurtas
Abstract
Background: Endodontic treatment failure can be caused by a variety of factors, including bacterial persistence, inadequate root canal cleaning or obturation, improper coronal seal, and untreated canals (missed canals). The presence of bacteria inside the root canals, such as Enterococcus faecalis, is the most common cause of endodontic failure such as (E. faecalis). These bacteria are more resistant to disinfectants, resulting in an infection that persists intra-radicularly or extra-radicularly. Because of the introduction of new antimicrobial properties of lasers in recent years, newer laser technology disinfection protocols have proposed to be effective for routine endodontic treatment. Aim: This study compares the antibacterial effects of diode lasers with wavelengths of 810 nm and 980 nm in combination with sodium hypochlorite on Enterococcus faecalis biofilm in the root canal system in vitro. Materials and methods: forty single canals Human permanent teeth were cleaned, shaped, and sterilized before being inoculated with E. faecalis culture and incubated for two weeks. The specimens were randomly divided into four groups after the incubation period. Forty single-canal permanent human teeth were cleaned, shaped and sterilized then inoculated with E. faecalis culture then incubated for two weeks. After the incubation period, the specimens divided randomly in 4 groups; group A (control group) specimens that have not been treated, group B (its specimens were treated with 17% EDTA and sodium hypochlorite at 5.25%), group C (specimens radiated with 810 nm diode laser after NaoCL and EDTA treatment) and group D (specimen radiated with 980 nm diode laser after NaoCL and EDTA treatment). Bacterial samples were taken by inserting paper points into the canals and counting CFU after plated on blood agar media. Results: Laser irradiation decreased the bacterial colony count in both experimental groups. The reduction in microbial count was significantly greater in 810 nm laser group (97.9%) compared to 980 nm laser group (94.2%). In comparison to the control group, Dunnett's T3 test revealed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups. The highest bacterial killing (97.9% CFU/ml reduction) was achieved using 810 nm diode laser in combination with NaOCL and EDTA protocol. Conclusion: in combination with NaOCL and EDTA, 810 nm diode lasers was more effective in decreasing the intracanal microbial load than 980 nm diode laser.