Evaluating the Effects of Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Paste and Nano-hydroxyapatite Solutions on the Re-mineralization of Synthetic Primary Caries in Enamel
Author(s): Abdolrahim Davari, Alireza Daneshkazemi and Fahime Shafiee*
Abstract
Background and Aim: It has now been well documented that dental caries can be re-mineralized before they become pitted. So this laboratory study examined the effect of CPP-ACP paste and Nano-hydroxyapatite solutions on remineralization of primary enamel caries lesions.
Materials and Methods: 75 pieces of 3 mm × 4 mm were obtained from the buccal crown surface of 75 premolars drawn. Primary enamel lesions were created by putting samples, except for 15 that set aside by random, for 48 hours in demineralization solution. Then these 60 specimens were divided randomly into 4 groups of 15. 10 days pH cycle was completed and in 3 groups after the end of each day of cycle, the concerned test material was applied. Group 1: Healthy (positive control); Group 2: With primary lesions; Group 3: Applying CPP-ACP paste; Group 4: Applying 5% nano-hydroxy apatite solution; Group 5: Applying 10% nano-hydroxy apatite solution on the lesions. The rate of weight of calcium, phosphor and fluoride elements in all samples after the end of work was measured by SEM-EDS. Data analysis was perfumed using one way ANOVA and Post Hoc Bonferroni statistical tests (α=0.05).
Results: There was a significant statistical difference between groups about the amount of calcium, phosphor and fluoride elements (p=.000). The rate of calcium and phosphor in the group having white spot lesions (WSL) significantly was less than the other groups (p=.000). The rate of calcium, phosphor and fluoride elements in the healthy groups wasn’t significantly different from the group under applying CPP-ACP paste and 5 nano-hydroxy apatite solution (p=1.000). But the group under applying 10% nano-hydroxy apatite solution significantly had more calcium and phosphor than the other 4 groups (even healthy or intact group) (p=.000).
Conclusion: All three materials of CPP-ACP, 5% and 10% nano-hydroxy apatite solution are effective on the remineralization of the primary enamel lesions. Also 10% nano-hydroxy apatite solution is more effective than the other groups and results in strength of healthy tooth structure (without lesion).