Evaluation of Occlusion and Orthodontic Treatment Needs of Iranian Children Using Index for Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN): A Cross-sectional Study and Review of the Literature
Author(s): Salmeh Kalbassi* and Samira Louni Aligoudarzi
Abstract
Introduction: Awareness of a population’s epidemiological state is significant in planning and provision of government’s health services. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) was developed to grade malocclusion based on the significance of various occlusal traits for esthetic impairment and dental health.
Aim: Our investigation aimed to the evaluation of Orthodontic treatment needs among Iranian 7-15-year-old schoolchildren using IOTN.
Materials and methods: This retrospective study data collected during the orthodontic treatment screening and prevention programs in Tehran province schools from November 2012 to Nov 2018. The treatment need was measured utilizing the AC and the DHC of the Index of IOTN, also Angle’s classification was used to classify malocclusion.
Results: A total of 1208 school going children’s data were collected for this study, comprising 618 girls and 590 boys. Their ages ranged 7 years and 4 months to 14 years and 2 months, with an average age of 10 years and 3 months. An objective treatment need (grade 5 and grade 4) was recorded in 17.71 percent of schoolchildren’s: grade 5 was registered in 62 individuals (5.13 %), and grade 4 was registered in 152 individuals (12.58%).
Conclusion: This survey, shows that the prevalence of participants who definitely need an orthodontic treatment plan (grades 4 and 5 of DHC) is of 18.13% and rises to 51.26% if grade 3 were considered. These findings are higher than the cited papers, which is probably due to the participants’ age range (7 to 15 years).