The Prevalence of Risk Factors Associated with Heart Failure
Author(s): Sakshi Agrawal and Guddi Laishram*
Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death in India (CVD). Understanding the changes in CVD risk factors and identifying modifiable variables will aid in the development of preventative interventions and policies. Heart Failure (HF) affects 1.5% to 2% of the population, according to epidemiological research, and is the leading cause of hospitalisation among the elderly. Despite having a large youthful population and low levels of obesity, our Asian (INDIAN) area is characterised by high CVD prevalence rates. Cardiac Failure (CF) with an ejection fraction that is normal (HFnEF) is a very frequent complication of long-term hypertension. Obesity, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes, COPD, and chronic renal disease may all cause it to develop over time. Because these risk factors for HFnEF are more common in India the prevalence of HFnEF is anticipated to be greater in India.
Methods and research: The research was placed from March through August of this year on a total of 46 participants including males, females, hailing from rural as well urban areas, under various age groups. According to the criteria of inclusion and exclusion, all participants recently diagnosed with CF having preserved EF were recruited for this research. Patient's demographic information was gathered from their medical records using a pre-defined case record. Pulse rate, blood pressure, BMI, waist circumference, cardiac and respiratory tests were all performed on each participant of study.
Result: HFnEF is more common and severe in elderly ladies (56.52%) than in males (43.4%). Hypertension being the topmost etiology. Left ventricular hypertrophy (65.21%) was the most prevalent ECG result. Dyspnea is most common presenting complaint.
Conclusion: The study's findings highlight the urgent need to create routine screening techniques to detect those who are at risk of or suffering from heart failure in early stages, so that effective management and care may be provided before the condition worsens and slips to beyond manageable.
Background: Heart failure affects a high percentage of the population and is the leading cause of hospitalisation in the elderly. HF, on the other hand, is a primary cause of mortality. According to recent research, a large proportion (nearly half) of individuals having HF have a left ventricular ejection rate that is 50% or greater than 50% (EF). Cardiac failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFnEF) is a complication of long-term hypertension. Obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus COPD, and chronic renal disease can all cause it to develop over time. Despite having a large youthful population and low levels of obesity, our Asian (INDIAN) area is characterised by high CVD prevalence rates.
Keywords: Ventricular, Ejection, Hypertension, Demographic, Epidemiological, Hospitalisation