Transabdominal and Transvaginal Ultrasound Evaluation of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Post-Menopausal Women
Author(s): Bhanupriya Singh*, Tanvi Khanna, Devyani Mishra and Gaurav Raj
Abstract
Background: Any uterine bleeding outside the normal volume, duration, regularity or frequency is considered abnormal uterine bleeding. Objectives: To study various causes of Perimenopausal abnormal uterine bleeding , their radiographic features on trans abdominal & transvaginal Ultraonography & correlate them with the histopathological findings on hysterectomy specimens. Materials & Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Radiodiagnosis in a tertiary care centre among Perimenopausal women who underwent hysterectomy for abnormal uterine bleeding. The ultrasonography findings and histopathological reports of hysterectomy specimens were correlated. Results: Among 60 number of hysterectomies cases for abnormal uterine bleeding most of the patients were between 40-49 years of age (63.3%) with mean age being 48yrs and menorrhagia was the dominant clinical presentation seen in 27 patients (45%). The majority of cases were diagnosed as Uterine fibroid with 31(51.7%) cases on trans abdominal 30 (50%) cases on transvaginal ultrasonography. Histopathological reports of myometrium showed 46.7% cases of uterine fibroid, followed by 33.3% cases of normal myometrium adenomyosis in 20% cases. Histopathology of endometrium revealed hyperplasia in the most cases (51.7%) where simple typical type was the predominant. Conclusion: Uterine fibroid is the leading cause of AUB and radiological, pathological evaluation correlated well to diagnose fibroid. Trans abdominal or transvaginal ultrasound is low cost primary modality for screening and should include as a first line screening method. However, histopathological diagnosis proved to be the gold standard.