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Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopic Study of Rhyncosia Minima

Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science
eISSN No. 2347-2367 pISSN No. 2347-2545

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Research Article - (2022) Volume 10, Issue 12

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Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopic Study of Rhyncosia Minima

Satheesh Kumar C1, Prabhu K2*, S Kalaivani3, A Franklin4, MRK Rao5, CS Janaki6 and Shruti Dinakaran6

*Correspondence: Dr. Prabhu K, Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Email:

Author info »

Abstract

The present work undertook the gas chromatography mass spectroscopic analysis of one herbal plant Rhycosia minima, which is reported to have medicinal properties such as anthelmintic and antioxidant, anti-nociceptive, anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory. The plant was collected from the water logged area of Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India and the ethyl acetate extract of the whole plant was obtained. The extract was subjected to gas chromatography mass spectroscopy after due processing. The results indicated some molecules such as 3,4-di-o-methyl-L-arabinopyranose, thiocyanic acid, ethyl ester, 2-isopropenyl-4a,8-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-octahydronaphthalene, 4-(2,4-dimethylcyclohex-3-enyl)but-3-en-2-one, n-hexadecanoic acid, methyl 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoate, tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether, 7-methyl-z-tetradecen-1-ol acetate, gamma tocopherol, cholesterol, pregna-5,8(9),16-triene-3 beta-ol-20-one benzoate, stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol, beta-amyrin, betulin, dl-alpha-tocopherol, hexadecanoic acid, 1-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2-ethanediyl ester, hexadecanoic acid, 1-(hydroxymethyl) etc. Which have medicinal properties supportive of the plants role as an important herbal medicine?.

Keywords

Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy, Herbal, Rhyncosia minima, Gamma tocopherol, Cholesterol, Betaamyrin, Betulin

Introduction

The modern medicine is based mostly on plants. Most of the medicine molecules have been isolated, purified and tested for their medicinal roles. At a later stage these medicine molecules are synthesized chemically to protect the plants form being over exploited. Many more plants are there whose medicinal potentials have not been explored except for ethno botanical use as native medicines. It is high time to record all these unexplored data to develop better, safer and affordable medicines. One such method is to subject the plant material to gas chromatography mass spectroscopic analysis to find the type of biomolecules present in it. Quite a few articles in this regard are available and much more need be done [1-14]. The gas chromatography mass spectroscopic analysis report of analysis of one herbal plant, Rhyncosia minima is presented in this article. The phytochemical composition and biological activities of Rhyncosia minima essential oil was reported by Gundidza, et al. [15]. Rhyncosia has been listed in the plants known to be abort efficient by Kumar, et al. [16]. The anthelmintic and antioxidant role of Rhyncosia minima was reported by Yellasubbaiah, et al. [17]. Jiaaet, et al. has studied the immune function of polysaccharide PRM3 from root extract of Rhycosia minima [18]. Pradeep and Sudhakar have studied the anti-diabetic role of ethanol extracts of a related species, Rhyncosia beddomei [19]. Kumar, et al. has demonstrated the antioxidant, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of this plant [20].

Materials and Methods

Shade dried leaves of Rhyncosia minima were extracted with ethyl acetate and the dried extract was used for gas chromatography mass spectroscopic analysis by standard protocols.

Results

Table 1 and Figure 1 depict the results of gas chromatography mass spectroscopic analysis of Rhyncosia minima. The biomolecules were identified by NIST spectral library from data base national agriculture library, USA and others as shown in Table 1.

Jrmds-profile

Figure 1: Indicates the GC MS profile of Rhyncosia minima.

Sl.No R T Name Molecular Formula Molecular Weight Peak Area (%) Possible medical Role
1 4.61 3,4-Di-O-methyl-L-arabinopyranose C7H14O5 178.1 1.24 Catechol-O-methyl-transferase inhibitor, methyl donor, antidote, coronary dilator, digestive, diuretic, Diaphoretic
2 6.95 Thiocyanic acid, ethyl ester C3H5NS 87 0.79 Acidifier
3 9.28 2-Isopropenyl-4a, 8-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-Octahydronaphthalene C15H24 204.2 0.55 5 alpha reductase inhibitor, beta inhibitor
4 9.67 (-)-alpha-panasinsen C15H24 204.2 0.55 Not known
5 10.61 Guaiol C15H24 204.2 0.55 Not known
6 12.29 4-(2,4-Dimethylcyclohex-3-enyl)but-3-en-2-one C12H18O 178.1 0.72 Decrease endothelial platelet adhesion, decrease endothelial leukocyte adhesion, endorphinogenic, endocrine protective, endothelium derived relaxing factor promoter, ergotamine enhancer, enteromotility enhancer
7 13.29 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol C20H40O 296.3 1.67 Provides pligosaccharide
8 14.56 n-hexadecanoic acid C16H32O2 256.2 5.35 Acidifier, arachidonic acid inhibitor, increase aromatic amino acid decarboxylase activity, anaphylactic, antitumor, aryl amine-n-acetyltransferase-inhibitor, decrease norepinephrine production, down regulates nuclear and cytosol androgen reuptake, GABA-nergic, Increase N K cell activity, Inhibit Production of TNF, Myoneuro stimulant
9 18.5 Methyl 4,7,10,13,16-docosapentaenoate C23H36O2 344.3 0.65 Catechol-O-methyl-transferase inhibitor
11 19.03 Butyl 4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoate C26H40O2 384.3 5.1 Not known
12 20.32 Butyl 9,12,15-octadecatrienoate C22H38O2 334.3 0.84 Not known
13 20.55 tert-hexadecanethiol C16H34S 258.2 2.45 Not known
14 21.56 Methyl 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoate, tert-butyldimethylsilyl Ether C15H24O4Si 296.1 1.24 Catechol-O-methyl-transferase inhibitor, 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Inhibitor, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase inhibitor, testosterone hydroxylase inducer
15 21.92 7-Methyl-Z-tetradecen-1-ol acetate C17H32O2 268.2 3.13 Catechol-O-methyl-transferase inhibitor, provide zinc, oligosaccharide, increase zinc bioavailability
16 22.78 gamma-tocopherol C28H48O2 416.4 0.98 Tocopherol synergist, PPAR‑gamma antagonist
17 23.05 Cholesterol C27H46O 386.4 0.6 Precursor for steroid synthesis
18 23.61 Pregna-5,8(9),16-triene-3beta-ol-20-one benzoate C28H32O3 416.2 21.13 Oligosaccharide provider, 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor, beta-blocker
19 23.74 Camp sterol C28H48O 400.4 1.39 Plant steroid use as food additive and has cholesterol lowering role
20 23.96 Stigma sterol C29H48O 412.4 4.04 Precursor of steroid hormones, Anti-osteoarthritic, anti-hypercholesterolemia,
21 24.3 beta-sitosterol C29H50O 414.4 5.45 Beta blocker
22 24.42 beta-amyrin C30H50O 426.4 3.35 Anti-TGF beta, beta blocker
23 24.5 Phytonadione C31H46O2 450.4 0.85 Not known
24 24.68 Betulin C30H50O2 442.4 3.43 It has antiviral, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities
26 25.1 dl-alpha-Tocopherol C29H50O2 430.4 7.08 Tocopherol synergist, alpha reductase inhibitor
26 28.13 Hexadecanoic acid, 1-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2-ethanediyl ester C35H68O5 568.5 0.99 Acidifier

Table 1: Indicates the retentions values, types of possible compound, their molecular formulae, molecular mass, peak area and their medicinal roles of each compound as shown in the GC MS profile of Rhyncosia minima.

Discussion

The GC MS profile of Rhyncosia minima indicated the presence of some important biomolecules such as 3,4-dio- methyl-L-arabinopyranose, thiocyanic acid, ethyl ester, 2-isopropenyl-4a, 8-dimethyl-1, 2, 3, 4, 4a, 5, 6, 7 octahydronaphthalene, 4-(2, 4-dimethylcyclohex-3 enyl)but-3-en-2-one, n-hexadecanoic acid, methyl2- hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoate, tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether, 7-methyl-z-tetradecen-1-ol acetate, gammatocopherol, cholesterol, Pregna-5,8(9),16-triene-3betaol- 20-one benzoate, stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol, betaamyrin, betulin, dl-alpha-tocopherol, hexadecanoic acid, 1-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2-ethanediyl ester, hexadecanoic acid, 1-(hydroxymethyl) etc. which have far reaching medicinal roles as shown in Table 1. These roles of the molecules could support the plant’s which is used as anthelmintic and antioxidant, anti-nociceptive, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory.

Conclusion

The results and discussion indicate the positive effect of the molecules towards curing diseases for which this plant is used.

References

Author Info

Satheesh Kumar C1, Prabhu K2*, S Kalaivani3, A Franklin4, MRK Rao5, CS Janaki6 and Shruti Dinakaran6

1Department of Anatomy, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Melmaruvathur Adhiparasakthi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Melmaruvathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
2Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
3Department of Anatomy, Vel’s Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
4Department of Microbiology, Anna Medical College, University of Technology, Port Louis, Mauritius
5Department of Anatomy, Amritha University, Thiruporur, Tamil Nadu, India
6Department of Anatomy, Ayurvedic Medical Practioneer, Kottakkal Arya Vaidya Sala, Kerala, India
 

Citation: Satheesh Kumar C, Prabhu K, S Kalaivani, A Franklin, MRK Rao, CS Janaki, Shruti Dinakaran, Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopic Study of Rhyncosia Minima, J Res Med Dent Sci, 2022, 10 (12): 128-131

Received: 02-Sep-2022, Manuscript No. JRMDS-22-77099; , Pre QC No. JRMDS-22-77099(PQ); Editor assigned: 05-Sep-2022, Pre QC No. JRMDS-22-77099(PQ); Reviewed: 19-Sep-2022, QC No. JRMDS-22-77099; Revised: 21-Nov-2022, Manuscript No. JRMDS-22-77099(R); Published: 02-Dec-2022

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