A Review of Bipolar Disorders
Author(s): Bhumika Ujawane*, Anshu Pangul, Vaibhav Anjankar and Aparna Nashine
Abstract
Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental disease and affects more than 1% globally. It causes sudden change in person’s mood and energy and also causes disability to think clearly. Bipolar disorder is caused by imbalance in neurotransmitter and also due to genetic and environmental factors. Bipolar disorder makes person prone to diabetes, cardiovascular and metabolic syndrome. In medical field early diagnosis is rare as nonspecific symptoms or rapid change in mood is characteristic and also biomarkers are not available for bipolar disorder. Depression being the key characteristic increases the risk of suicide. According to the survey by SMR suicides due to bipolar disorder in about 20 times than general population rate. There should be the presence of both nonpsychiatric and psychiatric medical professionals simultaneously. It is said that lithium is usually used so that the risk of suicide can be reduced. There are many symptoms that can be seen in a bipolar disorder patient like stress, hypomania and mania. It is also seen that patient and also their families are reluctant and not in a state to understand importance of symptoms and specially symptoms of hypomania or mania. There is also an urgent need of correct and perfect medication of this problem and also the main problem is no study or research on bipolar disorder could find the exact or correct treatment for bipolar disorder and resulting in treatment going lifelong and with combination of medications and psychotherapy. Therefore it is necessary that there should be early diagnosis and early treatment including evidence based treatment of the patient with proper psychosocial strategies. Evidence based medication usually include mood stabilizers and antipsychotics.