Evaluation of Palatal Bone Thickness and Density for the Assessment of the Site of Orthodontic Mini Screw Utilizing CBCT for Iraqi Arabic Population
Author(s): Muntadher Shafeeq Hadi* and Nidhal H Ghaib
Abstract
Introduction: Ensuring adequate anchorage is often challenging in orthodontics because many of the various methods developed for reinforcing anchorage depend on patient compliance. The introduction of skeletal anchorage with mini screw implants, which is widely used in orthodontic treatments for expanding the boundary of tooth movement and has no patient compliance requirements. Many factors should be kept in mind when choosing the placement sites like soft tissue anatomy, inter radicular distance, sinus morphology, nerve location and buccolingual bone depth. Adequate bone at mini-implant placement site can influence the success or failure of anchorage. Hence, it is imperative to measure the thickness of the bone. The palatal area considered as the best anchorage site in the maxilla because it composed of dense cortical bone, also the hard and soft tissue guarantees the biomechanical stability for placement mini screw. Aim of study: Is to evaluate palatal bone thickness and density for mini screw placement and the effect of gender on palatal bone thickness and density using CBCT. Materials and method: The sample consisted of 60 CBCT scans from the database of patient of both genders with an age range of 18 to 24 years were included in the study. The Cone beam CT images of all the subjects will be taken from the database patients using a KaVo OP 3D CBCT unit. Mid palatal suture and incisive foramen will be used as sagittal and axial reference guide, respectively.
Result and Discussion: In this study, the palatal bone thickness based on data from 60 young adult subjects (30 male and 30 female), shows that palatal bone thickness ranges from (1.6 to 8.8 mm) with mean of (5.4mm) for male and (4.44 mm) for female, while the palatal bone density ranges from (260 to 510 HU) with mean of (340 HU) for male and (405 HU) for female. Conclusion: There is gradual decrease of bone thickness from anterior part of palate to the posterior. The bone thickness and density are significantly high at the anterior part of the mid palatal suture.