Immunohistochemical Evaluation of HPV, Proliferation and Apoptosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma among Young and Old Patients: Comparative Study
Author(s): Bashar H Abdullah
Abstract
Objectives: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma is a disease of adults that rarely develops before the age of fifty. However, there is a gradual increase in the occurrence of the disease among young people over the world. As reported in many publications, a tumor developing in young patients lacks the usual associated risk factors, such as tobacco smoking, and thus such a tumor has an aggressive outcome. This study aims to compare the tumor development among young and old patients in terms of etiological and biological behavior using immunohistochemistry for the high-risk human papilloma virus, proliferative and apoptotic markers. Material and methods: This study was conducted on 35 cases of paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of oral squamous cell carcinoma divided into two age groups, twenty cases>40 years, and fifteen cases ≤40 years. The Clinocopathological finding was collected and recorded. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using HPV 16/18, p16, p21, ki-67and p53. Results: This study did not reveal a significant difference between the tumor of the young and old patients regarding the viral receptors, proliferation, and apoptosis. Where p-value >0. 05. Conclusion: Viral expression, proliferation, and apoptosis have no effect on tumor differentiation among young and old patients.